https://www.psychologytoday.com/gb/blog/the-me-in-we/201806/paranoid-schizoid-and-reparative-states
EXTRACT
Effective reparation also involves a distinct form of guilt, one that is not so overwhelming as to induce despair and humiliation. This is a not a punitive or persecutory guilt, but guilt of a different sort. Carveth puts it this way, “If I injure someone and while he bleeds I self-flagellate, that is punitive guilt; but if I put down my cat-o-nine-tails and reach for my first-aid kit and start bandaging, that is reparative guilt.”
The reparative state marks our move to moral insight and development, and the ability of the child to distinguish between kind and cruel actions.
